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今年的奥运会,我是在加拿大看的,确切地说,是在网上看的。加拿大人似乎并不关心雅典奥运会。比起中国人狂揽金牌,国土面积世界第二的加拿大,迄今为止只有两块金牌。不过,假如你以为加拿大人不喜欢体育,那就大错特错了。
刚到温哥华,让我惊讶的是,这里的公共绿地如此之多。我所居住的社区,无论往东、往西、往南、往北,只要步行十来分钟,都有一块绿茵葱葱的有两个足球场那么大的park(公园)。平时安静得如一湖绿水,一到傍晚或周末,就热闹起来,足球、橄榄球、飞碟、棒球——身着鲜艳运动服的年轻男女们,一本正经地举行着他们自己的奥运会,一样有正式的裁判,犀利的哨声——但不会有黑哨,因为没有金牌去争取,一切纯粹是生活中的娱乐。
这些保养得不错的park,除了少数几块标明只限于本社区居民外,大部分都对公众开放,任何人——不管你是富人还是穷人,都可以免费享用它们。人们虽然不关心奥运会,但每天都在运动:划船、滑雪、打球、游泳、跑步。加拿大虽然是一个金牌小国,却是一个地地道道的体育大国。
咱们中国却刚刚好倒过来,奥运会上扬眉吐气,体育却与普通老百姓越来越远。农村是不必说了——我不知道在那些贫穷的山村里,是否还有一张乒乓球台、一个篮球架?即使在上海、北京、广州这样的大都会里,假如你是一介平民的话,又到哪里去打一场球、跑几个圈?几乎所有的公共体育场所,都不向纳税人免费开放。学校一到暑期,铁门关得紧紧的,不要说周围居民,连自己的学生进去,都颇费周折。许多社区俱乐部、小区会所,虽然运动场地和器材一应俱全,但往往收了物业管理费,还要业主去办一张收费的金卡。城市的空间越来越逼仄,公园被不断地蚕食,马路上充满了有害的汽车尾气。偌大的都市,连一个理想的跑步空间都难以寻觅。
在加拿大,当然不是所有的体育场所都免费,比如公共游泳池、高尔夫球场。但即使是这些经营性场所,也充分考虑到一般平民的承受能力。我住处附近有一处高尔夫球场,在里面挥杆自娱的,竟然不是在国内时见惯了的老板、金领,而是一般的阿公阿伯。原来,在这里玩一次高尔夫球,也不过是一天的饭钱而已!
加拿大是高福利、高税收的国家,财政有了钱,不是养少数体育尖子,让他们到奥运会上拿金牌,而是切切实实地用在纳税人身上,打造舒适的、遍及各个角落的公共体育场所和设施,让全体国民,特别是一般穷人也像富人那样,有资格享受各种运动,享受空气、阳光和绿茵。体育,在这里不是展现国家强盛的工具,而是日常生活的一部分,所有国民生活中不可缺少的、实实在在的一部分。
我在加拿大看奥运,心情是复杂的,我为中国的每一块金牌而骄傲,又为中国人为金牌所付出的代价而忧心。中国的体育,从基层到中央,从少体校到国家队,好像只有一个目的:到奥运会拿金牌;国际赛场上拿不到的,也要到国内的小奥运——全运会上抢牌子;除此之外,别无目的。于是,体育只剩下一个意义:一切为了竞标,一切为了胜利。至于体育本身的意义,体育与普通国民的关系,不再有人关心,也不再当回事。好像我们只能通过奥运、通过金牌、通过国家的荣誉,才能体会体育本身的乐趣。
悲哉!奥运不过四年一回,但国人的生活却是天天要过的。为了那几块小小的金牌,我们值得牺牲那么多,将运动从我们的日常生活中放逐出去吗?
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